Processor registers

Processor registers, in computer architecture, is a small amount of computer memory that works with very high speed which is used to perform the execution of computer programs by providing rapid access to the values commonly used. Generally the value commonly used is a value that is being executed within a certain time.

Processor register stood at the highest level in memory hierarchy: this means that the velocity is the fastest, the smallest capacity, and price of each bit is the highest.

Register is also used as a quick way most computer systems to perform manipulation of data. Registers are generally measured in units of bits that can be accommodated by it, such as "8-bit register", "16-bit register", "32-bit registers," or "register 64-bit" and others.
Registers the current term can refer to the set of registers that can be indexed directly to the input / output of an instruction which is defined by a set of instructions. For this term, is used the word "Register Architecture." For example, the Intel x86 instruction set defines a set of eight registers with 32-bit size, but the CPU that implements the x86 instruction set may contain more than eight 32-bit registers.
Type registers
Register is divided into several classes:
• Register data, which is used to store numbers in an integer (an integer).
• Register the address, which is used to store memory addresses and also to access the memory.
• A general-purpose registers, which can be used to store numbers and addresses at once.
• Floating-point registers, which are used to store the numbers of floating point numbers (floating-point).
• Register constants (constant registers), used to store fixed numbers that can be read (read-only), a sort of phi, null, true, false, and others.
• Vector registers hold data for vector processing performed by the SIMD processor.
• special purpose registers that can be used to store internal data processor, as well as the instruction pointer, stack pointer, and status registers.
• Model-specific registers (also called machine-specific registers), in some specific architecture, used to store data or settings associated with the processor itself. Because the meaning of each register directly incorporated into the design of a particular processor, it may not be a register of this type of standard between processor generations.
Size register
The following table contains the size of the processor registers and correspondence
Processor registers
4-bit Intel 4004
8-bit Intel 8080
16-bit Intel 8086, Intel 8088, Intel 80286
32-bit Intel 80386, Intel 80 486, Intel Pentium Pro, Intel Pentium, Intel Pentium 2, Intel Pentium 3, Intel Pentium 4, Intel Celeron, Intel Xeon, AMD K5, AMD K6, AMD Athlon, AMD Athlon MP, AMD Athlon XP , AMD Athlon 4, AMD Duron, AMD Sempron
64-bit Intel Itanium, Intel Itanium 2, Intel Xeon, Intel Core, Intel Core 2, AMD Athlon 64, AMD Athlon X2, AMD Athlon FX, AMD Turion 6, AMD Turion X2, AMD Sempron